PALS Guide: Targets (Standards)

Additional Standards and Targets Resources:

Alberta Education. (1994). Science performance assessment and standards: Just Do It! St. Albert, Alberta, Canada: Alberta Education.

Alberta Education. (1995). Oral communication evaluation. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada: Alberta Education.

American Psychological Association. (1985). Standards for educational and psychological testing. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Anderson, L. W. (1981). Assessing affective characteristics in the schools. Needham, MA: Allyn and Bacon.

Arter, J., & Spandel, V. (1992). Using portfolios of student work in instruction and assessment. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 11(1), 36-44.

Bloom, B. S., Engelhart, M. D., Furst, E. J., Hill, W. H., & Krathwohl, D. R. (Eds.)Taxonomy of educational objectives: Handbook 1, Cognitive Domain. New York: McKay.

California State Department of Education. (1988). History/social science framework for California public schools: Kindergarten through grade 12. Sacramento, CA: California State Department of Education.

Catlin Gabel School. (n.d.). Student evaluation criteria policy manual. Portland, OR: Catlin Gable School.

Connecticut State Board of Education. (1987). Connecticut's common core of learning. Hartford, CN: Connecticut State Department of Education.

Corvallis School District. (n.d.). Outcomes and performance statements. Corvallis, OR: Corvallis School District.

Gardner, H. (1993). Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic Books.

Herman, J. L., Aschbacher, P. R., & Winters, L. (1992). Determining purpose. A practical guide to alternative assessment (pp. 23-32). Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

International Reading Association/National Council of Teachers of English. (1994). Standards for the assessment of reading and writing. Newark, DE: Author.

Kentucky Department of Education. (1997). Defining the evidence of learning. In Designing an effective performance task for the classroom. [On-line]. Available: http://www.kde.state.ky.us/oapd/curric/Publications/PerformanceEvent/TOC.html

Kentucky Department of Education. (1997). Determining the focus. In Designing an effective performance task for the classroom. [On-line]. Available: http://www.kde.state.ky.us/oapd/curric/Publications/PerformanceEvent/TOC.html

Marzano, R., Brandt, R. & Hughes, C. S. (1988). Dimensions of thinking: A framework for curriculum and instruction. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (1989). Curriculum and evaluation standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: NCTM.

National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (1995). Assessment standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: Author.

National Education Goals Panel. (1996). The National Education Goals report, 1996. Executive summary. Commonly asked questions about standards and assessments. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.

National Research Council. (1996). National Science Education Standards. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

Norris, S. P., & Ennis, R. H.. (1989). Evaluating critical thinking. Pacific Grove, CA: Critical Thinking Book sand Software.

Paul, R. (1995). Critical thinking: How to prepare students for a rapidly changing world. Santa Rosa, CA: Foundation for Critical Thinking.

Quellmalz, E., & J. Hoskyn. (1988). Making a difference in Arkansas: The multicultural reading and thinking project. Educational Leadership, 45, 51-55.

Rowe, M. B. (1978). Specific ways to develop better communications. In R. Sund and A. Carin (Eds.), Creative questioning and sensitivity: Listening techniques (2nd edition) Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Merrill/Prentice Hall.

Rutherford, F. J., & Ahlgren, A. (1989). Project 2061: Science for all Americans. New York: Oxford University Press.

Spandel, V., & R. Culham. (1995). Putting portfolio stories to work. Portland, OR: Northwest Regional Educational Library.

Spandel, V., & R. J. Stiggins. (1990). Creating writers: Linking assessment and writing instruction. White Plains, NY: Addison-Wesley Longman.

Stiggins, R. (1995). Assessing reasoning in the classroom. [Film]. (Available from Assessment Training Institute, 503 W. 2nd Avenue, Suite 300, Portland, OR 97204, http://www.assessmentist.com/products.html)

Stiggins, R. J. (1997). Specifying achievement targets. In K. M. Davis (Ed.), Student-centered classroom assessment (2nd ed., pp. 59-80). Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH: Prentice-Hall, Inc.